Developed by FAA officials, respected charter operators,
and other industry representatives, the Flight Risk Assessment Tool
(FRAT) is designed to identify potential hazards prior to flight and
weigh the risk associated with each hazard. If the risk associated with
a flight exceeds acceptable levels, the operator should take steps to
reduce the risk prior to making the flight.
The FRAT is intended to facilitate the proactive identification
of possible hazards and the use of risk management tools to mitigate
risks as one aspect of a Safety Management System (SMS), encouraging
operators to intervene and reduce risk in a systematic way. Risk assessment
tools are only one part of an SMS. An operator can use the FRAT as a
stand-alone tool but incorporating it into an SMS is preferable. Additional
details of the FRAT can be found in an FAA PDF document available by
clicking here.
The Flight Risk Assessment Tool – TAOS formula – includes
the following criteria:
1 |
Captain
with less than 200 hours in type |
5 |
2 |
First
Officer with less than 200 hours in type |
5 |
3 |
Single
Pilot Flight |
5 |
4 |
Captain
with less than 100 hours last 90 days |
3 |
5 |
First
Officer with less than 100 hours last 90 days |
3 |
6 |
Duty
day greater than 12 hours |
4 |
7 |
Flight
time (Greater than 8 hours in the duty day) |
4 |
8 |
Crew
Rest (Less than 10 hours prior to the duty day) |
5 |
9 |
VOR/GPS/LOC/ADF
(Best approach available w/o vertical guidance) |
3 |
10 |
Circling
approach (best available approach) |
4 |
11 |
No
published approaches |
4 |
12 |
Mountainous
airport
|
5 |
13 |
Control
tower not operational at ETA or ETD |
3 |
14 |
Uncontrolled
airport |
5 |
15 |
Alternate
airport not selected |
4 |
16 |
Elevation
of primary airport greater than 5000 ft. MSL |
3 |
17 |
Wet
runway |
3 |
18 |
Contaminated
runway |
3 |
19 |
Winter
operation |
3 |
20 |
Twilight
operation
|
2 |
21 |
Night
operation |
5 |
22 |
Stopping
distance greater than 80% of available runway |
5 |
23 |
Repositioning
flight (no passengers or cargo)
|
5 |
24 |
Pop
up trip (Less than 4 hours crew notice) |
3 |
25 |
International
operation |
2 |
26 |
No
weather reporting at destination |
5 |
27 |
Thunderstorms
at departure and/or destination |
4 |
28 |
Severe
turbulence |
5 |
29 |
Ceiling & visibility
at destination less than 500 ft. / 2 sm |
3 |
30 |
Heavy
rain at departure and/or destination |
5 |
31 |
Frozen
precipitation at departure and/or destination |
3 |
32 |
Icing
(moderate-severe) |
5 |
33 |
Surface
winds greater than 30 knots |
4 |
34 |
Crosswinds
greater than 15 knots |
4 |
35 |
Runway
braking action less than good |
5 |
|
|
36 |
Special
Flight Permit Operation (ferry permit) |
3 |
37 |
MEL
/ CDL Items (items related to safety of flight) |
2 |
38 |
Special
flight limitations based on AFM equipment limitations
|
2 |